Intuitively, the fact that all American Presidents have been white males is not a deep fact about the world's causal structure, but rather an artifact of a functionally sexist and racist society....

Ayer points out that we cannot rule out these Generalizations of Facts simply on the grounds of their being conjunction of particular statements (All American Presidents are white males can be asserted and known without knowing the conjunction: George Washington was a white male and John Adams was a white male and Thomas Jefferson was a white male and James Madison was a white male and James Monroe was a white male and John Quincy Adams was a white male and Andrew Jackson was a white male and Martin Van Buren was a white male and William Harrison was a white male and John Tyler was a white male and James Polk was a white male and Zachary Taylor was a white male and Millard Fillmore was a white male and Franklin Pierce was a white male and James Buchanan was a white male and Abraham Lincoln was a white male, Bill Clinton what a white male and George W. Bush is a white male). Because these Generalizations of Facts are distinct from the related conjunct, we cannot rule them out on the basis of there being such a conjunction. 1

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